Flu strikes and changes every year, so it is important to get the flu vaccination each year.
Older people, pregnant women and people with medical conditions are more likely to develop serious complications because of the flu.
Symptoms of flu
Flu symptoms generally develop 1 to 3 days after infection and include:
- high fever, chills and sweating
- sore throat
- weakness
- headache
- general muscle and joint pains (in the legs and back)
- a dry cough that can later become more severe.
Before: preventing the flu
To help avoid the flu, make sure you have your annual flu vaccine before the onset of the flu season.
Good personal hygiene helps stop the spread of flu:
- cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze;
- throw your tissue in a plastic-lined rubbish bin after use;
- wash your hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand cleaner after you cough or sneeze;
- do not touch your eyes, nose or mouth as germs spread this way; and
- avoid contact with others: do not go to work or send your children to school when sick.
During: treating and containing the flu
If you or a member of your household has the flu:
- practice good personal hygiene;
- clean surfaces, such as tables, benches, fridge and door knobs; and
- do not share personal items such as eating and drinking utensils.
The recommended treatment for mild or moderate flu is to:
- stay in bed and rest until your temperature has been in the normal range for 48 hours;
- drink enough fluids;
- take paracetamol to control fever, aches and pains (adults can use aspirin);
- avoid exposure to dust, alcohol, fumes and tobacco smoke; and
- consult your doctor if you develop further symptoms, such as difficulty in breathing, coughing up mucous or severe headache.
Early use of antiviral medication may shorten the length and severity of illness. Discuss treatment with your doctor.
After: recovering from the flu
Have your annual flu vaccine, before the onset of the flu season and practice good personal hygiene.